AC Refrigerant Pipe Sizing: Complete Guide

Learn about proper refrigerant pipe sizing for split AC systems. Wrong sizes can reduce efficiency and damage your compressor.

Refrigerant pipes connect your indoor and outdoor AC units. Proper sizing is crucial for efficiency, performance, and equipment longevity.

Why Pipe Size Matters

Too Small

  • Restricts refrigerant flow
  • Reduces cooling capacity
  • Increases compressor workload
  • Higher energy consumption
  • Premature compressor failure

Too Large

  • Reduced refrigerant velocity
  • Poor oil return to compressor
  • Higher installation cost
  • Potential capacity loss

Standard Pipe Sizes

By AC Capacity

  • 9,000-12,000 BTU: 1/4" liquid, 3/8" suction
  • 18,000-24,000 BTU: 1/4" or 3/8" liquid, 1/2" suction
  • 30,000-36,000 BTU: 3/8" liquid, 5/8" suction
  • 48,000+ BTU: 3/8" liquid, 3/4" suction

Pipe Length Considerations

Maximum Length

Most residential splits allow 15-25 meters maximum. Beyond this, efficiency drops significantly.

Elevation Changes

Vertical runs affect performance:

  • Each 3 meters of vertical rise = ~1 meter horizontal equivalent
  • Outdoor unit below indoor: easier oil return
  • Outdoor unit above indoor: may need oil traps

Long Runs

For runs over 15 meters:

  • Consider upsizing pipes
  • May need additional refrigerant charge
  • Professional calculation recommended

Installation Tips

  • Insulate both liquid and suction lines
  • Avoid sharp bends (use long-radius curves)
  • Slope pipes slightly toward outdoor unit
  • Properly braze connections (no leaks)

Calculate Your Requirements

Use our Pipe Length Sizing Tool to determine proper sizes for your installation, and Multi-Split Planner for complex systems.